Okwu mmalite

Ọgbọ ike biomass bụ teknụzụ ojiji ike biomass kachasị ukwuu na nke tozuru oke.China bara ụba na akụrụngwa biomass,

tumadi gụnyere mkpofu ugbo, mkpofu oke ohia, nri anu ulo, mkpofu ulo ime obodo, mmiri ahihia organic na ihe mkpofu.Ngụkọta

Ọnụ ego biomass nke enwere ike iji dị ka ike kwa afọ bụ ihe ruru nde tọn 460 nke coal ọkọlọtọ.N'afọ 2019, ndị

Ike arụnyere nke ike biomass zuru ụwa ọnụ mụbara site na nde kilowatt 131 na 2018 ruo ihe dị ka nde kilowatt 139, mmụba.

ihe dịka 6%.Igwe ọkụ kwa afọ mụbara site na ijeri kWh 546 na 2018 ruo ijeri 591 kWh na 2019, mmụba nke ihe dịka 9%,

tumadi na EU na Asia, ọkachasị China.Atụmatụ afọ ise nke 13 nke China maka mmepe ike biomass na-atụ aro na ka ọ na-erule 2020, mkpokọta.

arụnyere ike nke biomass ike ọgbọ kwesịrị iru 15 nde kilowatts, na kwa afọ ike ọgbọ kwesịrị iru 90 ijeri.

awa kilowatt.Ka ọ na-erule njedebe nke afọ 2019, ikike arụnyere na China nke mmepụta ike bio abawanyela site na nde kilowatt 17.8 na 2018 ruo

22.54 nde kilowatts, yana ike ike kwa afọ gafere awa 111 ijeri kilowatt, gafere ebumnuche nke atụmatụ afọ ise nke iri na atọ.

N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ihe a na-elekwasị anya na ikike nrụpụta ike biomass nke China bụ iji ihe mkpofu ugbo na ọhịa na ihe mkpofu siri ike nke obodo.

na usoro nchikota iji nye ike na okpomọkụ maka mpaghara obodo.

Ọganihu nyocha kachasị ọhụrụ nke teknụzụ nrụpụta ike biomass

Ọgbọ ike biomass malitere na 1970s.Mgbe nsogbu ike ụwa malitere, Denmark na mba ndị ọzọ dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ malitere

jiri ike biomass dị ka ahịhịa maka mmepụta ike.Kemgbe 1990s, teknụzụ nrụpụta ike biomass emebela nke ọma

ma tinye ya na Europe na United States.N'ime ha, Denmark mere ihe kasị dị ịrịba ama rụzuru na mmepe nke

biomass ike mmepụta.Ebe ọ bụ na e wuru ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ ahịhịa mbụ wee tinye ya na 1988, Denmark mepụtara

Karịrị ụlọ ọrụ ike biomass 100 ka ọ dị ugbu a, na-aghọ akara maka mmepe ọgbọ ike biomass n'ụwa.Na mgbakwunye,

Mba ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia enweela ọganihu ụfọdụ n'ịgba ọkụ ozugbo nke biomass na-eji osikapa, akpa akpa na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ.

Igwe ọkụ biomass nke China malitere na 1990s.Mgbe ịbanye na narị afọ nke 21, na iwebata iwu mba iji kwado ndị

mmepe nke ọgbọ ike biomass, ọnụọgụ na ike ike nke ụlọ ọrụ ike biomass na-abawanye kwa afọ.N'ọnọdụ nke

mgbanwe ihu igwe na ihe mbelata ikuku CO2 chọrọ, ike ike biomass nwere ike belata CO2 na mmetọ ndị ọzọ nke ọma,

na ọbụna nweta ihe ikuku CO2 efu, yabụ na ọ bụrụla akụkụ dị mkpa nke nyocha ndị nyocha n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya.

Dị ka ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ si dị, e nwere ike kewaa teknụzụ na-emepụta ike biomass ụzọ atọ: ike ọkụ ọkụ kpọmkwem

teknụzụ, teknụzụ nrụpụta ike gasification na teknụzụ ijikọ ọkụ ọkụ.

N'ụkpụrụ, biomass kpọmkwem combustion ike ọgbọ dị nnọọ ka coal-chụọ n'ọrụ ji esi mmiri ọkụ thermal ike ọgbọ, ya bụ, biomass mmanụ ụgbọala.

(ihe mkpofu ugbo, mkpofu oke ohia, mkpofu ulo ime obodo, wdg) na-ezigara n'ime igwe okuku uzuoku nke kwesiri ikpochapu biomass, na kemịkalụ.

A na-agbanwe ike dị na mmanụ ọkụ biomass ka ọ bụrụ ume dị n'ime nke okpomọkụ dị elu na uzuoku dị elu site na iji ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ.

usoro, na-converted n'ime n'ibu ike site uzuoku ike okirikiri, N'ikpeazụ, n'ibu ike ghọọ eletriki

ike site na generator.

Biomass gasification maka ike ike na-agụnye usoro ndị a: (1) biomass gasification, pyrolysis na gasification nke biomass mgbe e gwepịara ya,

ihicha na ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu iji mepụta gas nwere ihe ndị na-ere ọkụ dị ka CO, CH₄na

H ₂;(2) Nchacha gas: gas na-ere ọkụ na-emepụta n'oge gas na-abanye n'ime usoro nchacha iji wepụ ihe adịghị ọcha dị ka ntụ.

coke na tar, ka o wee zute ihe ndị chọrọ ntinye nke akụrụngwa na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik;(3) A na-eji ọkụ ọkụ na-ere ọkụ.

A na-ewebata gas combustible dị ọcha n'ime turbine gas ma ọ bụ injin combustion n'ime maka combustion na ike ọkụ, ma ọ bụ nwee ike iwebata ya.

n'ime ọkụ ọkụ maka combustion, na a na-emepụta okpomọkụ dị elu na uzuoku dị elu na-eji ụgbọ mmiri na-eku ume maka mmepụta ike.

N'ihi akụrụngwa biomass gbasasịrị agbasa, njupụta ike dị ala na mkpokọta na njem siri ike, ọkụ ọkụ nke biomass ozugbo maka nrụpụta ike.

nwere nnukwu ịdabere na nkwado na akụ na ụba nke ọkọnọ mmanụ, na-akpata nnukwu ọnụ ahịa nke ike biomass.Ike jikọtara biomass

ọgbọ bụ usoro mmepụta ike nke na-eji mmanụ biomass dochie mmanụ ọkụ ndị ọzọ (na-abụkarị coal) maka ọkụ ọkụ.Ọ na-eme ka mgbanwe ahụ dịkwuo mma

mmanụ ọkụ biomass ma belata oriri coal, na-achọpụta CO₂Mbelata ikuku nke ngalaba ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ.Ugbu a, biomass jikọtara ya

Teknụzụ ndị na-emepụta ike na-agụnye: ọkụ agwakọta kpọmkwem teknụzụ na-emepụta ike, ọkụ ọkụ na-apụtaghị ìhè

teknụzụ ọgbọ na uzuoku jikọtara ike na-emepụta teknụzụ.

1. Biomass kpọmkwem combustion ike ọgbọ technology

Dabere na ihe dị ugbu a biomass kpọmkwem ndị na-ere ọkụ ọkụ, dị ka ụdị ọkụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe na injinia, enwere ike kewaa ya.

n'ime teknụzụ mgbawa oyi akwa yana teknụzụ combustion nke mmiri ọkụ [2].

Ọkụ n'ụdị oyiri pụtara na a na-ebunye mmanụ ọkụ na grate nke edoziri ma ọ bụ mkpanaka, a na-ebute ikuku site na ala nke grate ahụ iji duzie.

mmeghachi omume combustion site na oyi akwa mmanụ ọkụ.Nkà na ụzụ combustion nke na-anọchi anya ya bụ iwebata grate na-ama jijiji nke mmiri jụrụ oyi

teknụzụ nke ụlọ ọrụ BWE mepụtara na Denmark, yana ụlọ ọrụ ike biomass mbụ na China - Osisi ọkụ Shanxian na Shandong Province bụ.

wuru na 2006. N'ihi obere ash ọdịnaya na elu combustion okpomọkụ nke biomass mmanụ ụgbọala, grate efere na-adị mfe mebiri n'ihi ekpo oke ọkụ na.

adịghị mma jụrụ.Akụkụ kachasị mkpa nke grate vibrating mmiri jụrụ oyi bụ nhazi ya pụrụ iche na ọnọdụ jụrụ oyi, nke na-edozi nsogbu nke grate.

ikpo oke ọkụ.Site na iwebata na nkwalite teknụzụ grate mmiri jụrụ oyi Danish, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ewebatala

Teknụzụ combustion biomass grate nwere ikike ọgụgụ isi nwere onwe ya site na mmụta na mgbari nri, nke etinyerela n'ọtụtụ buru ibu.

ọrụ.Ndị na-emepụta ihe nnọchiteanya gụnyere Shanghai Sifang Boiler Factory, Wuxi Huaguang Boiler Co., Ltd., wdg.

Dị ka nkà na ụzụ combustion nke ejiri mmiri na-emepụta ihe siri ike, nkà na ụzụ combustion bed nwere ọtụtụ uru karịa ihe ndina.

teknụzụ combustion na ọkụ biomass.Nke mbụ, enwere ọtụtụ ihe ndina inert na akwa mmiri mmiri, nke nwere ikike okpomọkụ dị elu na

ikemgbanwe na mmanụ ọkụ biomass nwere mmiri dị elu;Nke abuo, ikpo ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na oke nnyefe nke ngwakọta gas siri ike na mmiri mmiri

akwa na-enyeremmanụ ọkụ biomass ka a ga-ekpo ọkụ ngwa ngwa mgbe ị banyere n'ọkụ.N'otu oge ahụ, ihe ndina nwere ike ikpo ọkụ nwere ike

na-echekwa ọkụokpomọkụ, hụ na nkwụsi ike nke combustion mgbe ọ na-ere mmanụ biomass dị ala calorific, ma nweekwa ụfọdụ uru.

na unit ibu ukpụhọde.Site na nkwado nke atụmatụ nkwado sayensị na teknụzụ mba, Mahadum Tsinghua ewepụtala “Biomass

Igwe mmiri akwa akwa na-ekesaTeknụzụ nwere oke Steam dị elu”, wee mepụta nke ọma nke ọma 125 MW ultra-high n'ụwa.

nrụgide ozugbo reheat biomass na-ekesaMmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ bed na teknụzụ a, na nke mbụ 130 t / h okpomọkụ na elu-nrụgide.

igwe na-ekesa mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ bed na-ere ahịhịa ọka dị ọcha.

N'ihi na n'ozuzu elu alkali metal na chlorine ọdịnaya nke biomass, karịsịa ugbo mkpofu, e nwere nsogbu dị ka ash, slagging.

na corrosionna mpaghara ikpo ọkụ dị elu n'oge usoro ọkụ ọkụ.The uzuoku parameters nke biomass boilers n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ

na-akasị ọkaraokpomọkụ na nrụgide ọkara, na ike mmepụta ike adịghị elu.Akụ na ụba nke biomass oyi akwa gbara ọkụ

mmepụta ike na-egbochimmepe ahụike ya.

2. Biomass gasification ike mmepụta teknụzụ

Ọgbọ ike gasification nke biomass na-eji ihe nrụpụta gas pụrụ iche iji gbanwee ihe mkpofu biomass, gụnyere osisi, ahịhịa, ahịhịa, bagasse, wdg.

banyegas ọkụ.A na-ezigara gas na-ere ọkụ na-emepụta gas turbines ma ọ bụ n'ime ụlọ ọkụ ọkụ maka mmepụta ike mgbe uzuzu gasịrị

mwepụ naMwepụ coke na usoro ịdị ọcha ndị ọzọ [3].Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-ekewa ndị na-emepụta gasification ndị a na-ejikarị na akwa akwa

gasifiers, fluidizedgasifiers bed na entrained eruba gasifiers.Na gasifier ihe ndina edobere, ihe ndina ahụ kwụsiri ike, na ihicha, pyrolysis,

oxidation, mbelatana mmeghachi omume ndị ọzọ ga-emecha n'usoro, ma mesịa ghọọ gas sịntetik.Dị ka ọdịiche nke eruba

ntụziaka n'etiti gasifierna gas sịntetik, ihe ndị na-eme ihe na-edozi ihe ndina na-enwekarị ụdị atọ: nsị elu (counter flow), nsị ala (n'ihu n'ihu).

eruba) na mmiri mmiri kwụ ọtọgasifiers.Igwe gas na-edobe ihe ndina nke nwere mmiri mmiri mejupụtara ụlọ gasification na onye nkesa ikuku.Onye na-emepụta gas bụ

uniformly nri n'ime gasifiersite na nkesa ikuku.Dị ka ụdị dị iche iche nke gas siri ike siri dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime bubbling

gasifier akwa akwa ma na-ekesagasifier akwa mmiri.Onye na-ahụ maka gasification (oxygen, uzuoku, wdg) n'ime ihe ndina na-asọ asọ na-etinye biomass.

ahụ na-efesa n'ime ọkụsite na nozulu.A na-achụsasị ihe ndị dị mma nke mmanụ ọkụ ma kwụsịtụ n'ọsọ gas na-agba ọsọ.N'okpuru elu

okpomọkụ, ezigbo mmanụ ụgbọala ahụ na-eme ngwa ngwa mgbeịkpọtụrụ oxygen, na-ahapụ ọtụtụ okpomọkụ.A na-ekpochapụ ihe ndị siri ike ozugbo ma na-agbapụta gas

iji mepụta gas sịntetik na slag.Maka nkwalite ahụ edoziriihe ndina gas, ihe tar ọdịnaya na njikọ gas dị elu.The downdraft ofu bed gasifier

nwere mfe Ọdịdị, adaba nri na ezi operability.

N'okpuru okpomọkụ dị elu, tar na-emepụta nwere ike ịgbawa n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'ime gas na-ere ọkụ, mana okpomọkụ nke gasifier dị elu.Na mmiri mmiri

akwagasifier nwere uru nke mmeghachi omume gasification ngwa ngwa, kọntaktị gas siri ike n'ime ọkụ na ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume mgbe niile, mana ya

akụrụngwaỌdịdị dị mgbagwoju anya, ọdịnaya ash na gas na-arụ ọrụ dị elu, na usoro nchacha nke ala na-achọrọ nke ukwuu.Nke

gasifier na-agba ọsọnwere ihe dị elu chọrọ maka ihe pretreatment ihe na a ga-egweri n'ime ezi ahụ iji hụ na ihe nwere ike

meghachi omume kpamkpam n'ime obere ogeoge obibi.

Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke biomass gasification ike ọgbọ dị ntakịrị, akụ na ụba dị mma, ọnụ ahịa ya dị ala, ọ dịkwa mma maka ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ na gbasasịa.

ime obodo,nke dị oke mkpa iji gbakwunye ike ọkụ China.Isi nsogbu a ga-edozi bụ tar nke biomass na-emepụta

gasification.Mgbegas tar na-emepụta na gasification usoro na-mma, ọ ga-etolite mmiri mmiri tar, nke ga-egbochi pipeline na-emetụta na

nkịtị ọrụ ikeakụrụngwa ọgbọ.

3. Biomass jikọtara teknụzụ mmepụta ike

Ọnụ ego mmanụ ọkụ nke mkpofu ugbo na oke ohia maka imepụta ọkụ bụ nnukwu nsogbu na-egbochi ike biomass.

ọgbọụlọ ọrụ.The biomass kpọmkwem chụọ n'ọrụ ike ọgbọ unit nwere obere ikike, ala parameters na ala aku na uba, nke na-amachi na

ojiji nke biomass.Biomass jikọtara ọtụtụ isi mmanụ ọkụ bụ ụzọ isi belata ọnụ ahịa ya.Ugbu a, ụzọ kachasị dị irè iji belata

Ọnụ ego mmanụ ụgbọala bụ biomass na coal-chụọ n'ọrụike mmepụta.N'afọ 2016, mba ahụ wepụtara echiche Nduzi maka ịkwalite Coal fired na Biomass.

Ejikọtara ike Generation, nke ukwuukwalitere nyocha na nkwalite nke teknụzụ biomass jikọtara ike na-emepụta ike.Na nso nso a

afọ, arụmọrụ nke biomass ike ọgbọ nwereemelitere nke ọma site na ngbanwe nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na-agba ọkụ dị ugbu a,

ojiji nke coal jikọtara ike biomass ike, nateknuzu uru nke nnukwu coal-chụọ n'ọrụ ike ọgbọ nkeji na elu arụmọrụ

na obere mmetọ.Enwere ike kewaa ụzọ nka nka ụzọ atọ:

(1) njikọta combustion ozugbo mgbe ọ gwepịara / kụrie ya, gụnyere ụdị atọ nke ọkụ ọkụ nke otu igwe igwe nwere otu ọkụ, dị iche iche.

igwe igwe naotu ọkụ ahụ, na igwe igwe dị iche iche nwere ọkụ dị iche iche;(2) Njikọ combustion na-apụtaghị ìhè mgbe gasification gasịrị, biomass na-ebute

gas na-ere ọkụ site na yausoro gasification wee banye n'ọkụ ọkụ maka combustion;(3) Ngwakọta uzuoku mgbe ọkụ nke biomass pụrụ iche

ji esi mmiri ọkụ.Ngwakọta combustion ozugbo bụ ụdị itinye n'ọrụ nke enwere ike itinye ya n'ọtụtụ buru ibu, yana arụmọrụ dị oke ọnụ yana itinye ego dị mkpụmkpụ.

okirikiri.MgbeNjikọta ruru adịghị elu, na mmanụ ụgbọala nhazi, nchekwa, deposition, eruba uniformity na mmetụta ya na ji esi mmiri ọkụ nchekwa na aku na uba.

kpatara biomass na-ere ọkụejirila teknụzụ dozie ma ọ bụ chịkwaa ya.Teknụzụ njikọta combustion na-apụtachaghị ìhè na-agwọ biomass na kol

iche iche, nke bụ ukwuu adaptable kaụdị biomass, na-eri obere biomass kwa otu ike ọkụ, na-echekwa mmanụ ọkụ.Ọ nwere ike dozie ya

nsogbu nke alkali metal corrosion na ji esi mmiri ọkụ coking nausoro combustion kpọmkwem nke biomass ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, mana ọrụ ahụ adịghị mma

scalability na adịghị mma maka nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ.Na mba ofesi,a na-ejikarị ụdị njikọ njikọta ọkụ ozugbo.Dị ka indirect

combustion mode bụ ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya karị, ọkụ ọkụ na-ejikọta ọkụ na-apụtaghị ìhèdabere na-ekesa fluidized bed gasification bụ ugbu a

Teknụzụ na-eduga maka ngwa nke nrụpụta ike njikọ biomass na China.N'afọ 2018,Datang Changshan Power Plant, nke obodo

Nke mbụ 660MW supercritical coal-ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ ike yana 20MW biomass ike ọgbọ.ngosi oru ngo, nweta a

ihe ịga nke ọma zuru oke.Ihe oru ngo a na-anakwere biomass na-ekesa gas gas n'ihe ndina n'onwe yaike mmepụta

Usoro, nke na-eri ihe dị ka tọn 100000 nke ahịhịa biomass kwa afọ, na-enweta 110 nde kilowatt awa nke ike biomass,

na-echekwa ihe dị ka tọn 40000 nke coal ọkọlọtọ, ma na-ebelata ihe dịka 140000 tọn CO₂.

Nyocha na atụmanya nke mmepe mmepe nke teknụzụ ike ọgbọ biomass

Site na nkwalite usoro mbelata carbon carbon nke China na ahịa azụmaahịa carbon carbon, yana mmejuputa a na-aga n'ihu

nke amụma nkwado coal-chụọ n'ọrụ yana biomass ike ọgbọ, biomass tinyere coal-chụọ n'ọrụ teknụzụ na-eweta nke ọma.

ohere mmepe.Ngwọta na-adịghị emerụ ahụ nke mkpofu ugbo na oke ohia na ihe mkpofu nke ime obodo bụ isi ihe

nsogbu gburugburu obodo na ime obodo nke gọọmentị ime obodo kwesịrị idozi ngwa ngwa.Ugbu a atụmatụ ikike nke biomass ike ọgbọ oru ngo

e nyeferela ndị ọchịchị ime obodo.Gọọmenti ime obodo nwere ike ijikọ biomass ugbo na oke ohia na mkpofu ụlọ n'obodo mepere emepe n'ọrụ

na-eme atụmatụ ịkwalite ọrụ nrụpụta ike nrụpụta ihe mkpofu.

Na mgbakwunye na teknụzụ combustion, isi ihe na-aga n'ihu na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ nrụpụta ike biomass bụ mmepe onwe ya,

ntozu oke na nkwalite nke usoro inyeaka na-akwado, dị ka nchịkọta mmanụ ọkụ biomass, nchipịa, nyocha na sistem nri.N'otu oge ahụ,

imepe teknụzụ pretreatment mmanụ biomass dị elu yana imeziwanye mgbanwe nke otu akụrụngwa na ọtụtụ mmanụ ọkụ biomass bụ ihe ndabere.

n'ihi na-aghọta na ọnụ ala-ọnụ ọnụ nnukwu-ọnụ ngwa ngwa nke biomass ike ọgbọ na-eme n'ọdịnihu.

1. Coal chụọ n'ọrụ unit biomass kpọmkwem njikọ combustion ike ọgbọ

Ikike nke ngalaba nrụpụta ọkụ biomass ozugbo dị obere (≤ 50MW), yana usoro uzuoku mmiri ọkụ kwekọrọ dịkwa obere,

n'ozuzu oke nrụgide parameters ma ọ bụ ala.Ya mere, ike mmepụta arụmọrụ nke dị ọcha ọkụ biomass ike ọgbọ oru bụ n'ozuzu

ọ bụghị elu karịa 30%.Ngbanwe teknụzụ combustion nke biomass ozugbo dabere na nkeji 300MW ma ọ bụ 600MW na karịa.

Nkeji dị oke egwu ma ọ bụ ultra supercritical nkeji nwere ike melite nrụpụta ike ike biomass ruo 40% ma ọ bụ karịa.Na mgbakwunye, ọrụ na-aga n'ihu

Nkebiomass kpọmkwem gbanyere ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ ngo na-adabere kpamkpam na ịnye mmanụ biomass, ebe ọrụ nke biomass tinyere coal-ọkụ.

Ngalaba na-emepụta ike anaghị adabere na ọkọnọ nke biomass.Ụdị combustion a agwakọtara na-eme ka ahịa nchịkọta biomass nke mmepụta ike

ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike ịzụ ahịa siri ike.Teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ nke biomass nwekwara ike iji igwe ọkụ dị ugbu a, turbines uzuoku na

usoro inyeaka nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ọkụ.Naanị usoro nhazi mmanụ ụgbọala biomass ọhụrụ dị mkpa iji mee mgbanwe ụfọdụ na ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ

Sistemu, yabụ ntinye ego mbụ dị ala.Usoro ndị a dị n'elu ga-eme ka uru nke ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọkụ biomass ma belata

ndabere ha dabere na enyemaka mba.N'ihe gbasara mmetọ ikuku, ụkpụrụ nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi mebere site na biomass ozugbo

Ọrụ mmepụta ike dị ntakịrị, yana oke ikuku anwụrụ ọkụ, SO2 na NOx bụ 20, 50 na 200 mg/Nm3.Biomass jikọtara

Ọkụ ọkụ na-adabere na ngalaba ike ọkụ ọkụ mbụ nke coal ma na-emejuputa ụkpụrụ ikuku dị ala.Oke ikuku nke soot, SO2

na NOx bụ otu 10, 35 na 50mg/Nm3.E jiri ya tụnyere biomass kpọmkwem ọkụ ọkụ na-agba ọkụ n'otu nha, anwụrụ ọkụ, SO2.

na NOx na-ebelata site na 50%, 30% na 75% n'otu n'otu, yana uru dị ukwuu nke ọha na eze na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ụzọ teknuzu maka nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ iji mee mgbanwe nke biomass kpọmkwem jikọtara ike ọkụ nwere ike ịchịkọta ugbu a.

dị ka ụmụ irighiri ihe biomass - igwe igwe biomass - sistemu nkesa pipeline - pipeline coal gbajiri agbaji.Ọ bụ ezie na biomass dị ugbu a kpọmkwem jikọtara combustion

teknụzụ nwere mbelata nke nha siri ike, teknụzụ na-ejikọ ike na teknụzụ ga-abụ isi ụzọ mmepe mmepe

nke biomass ike ọgbọ mgbe edozi nsogbu a, Ọ nwere ike ịghọta njikọ nke combustion nke biomass n'ókè ọ bụla na nnukwu coal-chụọ n'ọrụ nkeji, na

nwere njirimara nke ntozu okè, ntụkwasị obi na nchekwa.A na-eji teknụzụ a eme ihe n'ụwa niile, yana teknụzụ nrụpụta ike biomass

nke 15%, 40% ma ọ bụ ọbụna 100% njikọ njikọ.Enwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ahụ na nkeji subcritical ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ gbasaa iji nweta ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke CO2 miri emi

Mbelata ikuku nke ultra supercritical parameters+biomass tinyere combustion+ekpo ọkụ mpaghara.

2. Biomass mmanụ ụgbọala pretreatment na-akwado usoro inyeaka

A na-eji mmanụ biomass nwere nnukwu mmiri, ọdịnaya oxygen dị elu, ike dị ala na uru calorific dị ala, nke na-egbochi iji ya dị ka mmanụ ọkụ na

n'ụzọ dị njọ na-emetụta ntụgharị thermochemical nke ọma ya.Nke mbụ, akụrụngwa nwere ọtụtụ mmiri, nke ga-egbu oge mmeghachi omume pyrolysis.

mebie nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa pyrolysis, belata nkwụsi ike nke akụrụngwa ọkụ ọkụ, ma nwekwuo ike oriri sistemụ.Ya mere,

ọ dị mkpa ka pretreat biomass mmanụ ụgbọala tupu thermochemical ngwa.

Nkà na ụzụ nhazi densification biomass nwere ike ibelata mmụba nke njem njem na ọnụ ahịa nchekwa site na njupụta ike dị ala nke biomass.

mmanụ ụgbọala.E jiri ya tụnyere teknụzụ ihicha, ịsa mmanụ ọkụ biomass n'ime ikuku na-adịghị agwụ agwụ na n'otu okpomọkụ nwere ike ịhapụ mmiri na ụfọdụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.

ihe dị na biomass, melite njirimara mmanụ ọkụ nke biomass, belata O/C na O/H.Biomass esiri esi na-egosi hydrophobicity ma dị mfe ịbụ

anuahade n'ime ezi ahụ.A na-abawanye njupụta ike, nke na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma ngbanwe na iji ọrụ nke biomass.

Nchicha bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ dị mkpa maka ntụgharị na itinye n'ọrụ ike biomass.N'ihi na biomass briquette, Mbelata urughuru size nwere ike

mee ka ebe dị elu nke dị na ya dịkwuo elu na adhesion n'etiti ihe n'oge mkpakọ.Ọ bụrụ na oke urughuru buru oke ibu, ọ ga-emetụta ọnụego kpo oku

nke mmanụ ụgbọala na ọbụna ntọhapụ nke ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe, si otú ahụ na-emetụta àgwà ngwaahịa gasification.N'ọdịnihu, enwere ike ịtụle ya iji wuo a

ụlọ ọrụ pretreatment mmanụ biomass n'ime ma ọ bụ nso ụlọ ọrụ ike ka akpọọ nkụ na gwepịa ihe biomass.Mba "Atụmatụ Afọ ise nke iri na atọ" rụtụrụ aka n'ụzọ doro anya

si na biomass siri ike urughuru mmanụ ụgbọala technology ga-kwalite, na kwa afọ itinye n'ọrụ nke biomass briquette mmanụ ụgbọala ga-30 nde tọn.

Ya mere, ọ dị oke mkpa iji gbasie ike na nyocha nke teknụzụ pretreatment mmanụ biomass.

N'iji ya na nkeji ike thermal nke a na-ahụkarị, isi ihe dị iche iche nke nrụpụta ike biomass dị na sistemụ nnyefe mmanụ biomass yana ihe metụtara ya.

teknụzụ ọkụ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, akụrụngwa mgba ọkụ nke ọgbọ ọkụ biomass na China, dị ka ahụ ọkụ, enwetala mpaghara,

ma a ka nwere nsogbu ụfọdụ na usoro njem nke biomass.Ihe mkpofu ugbo na-enwekarị udidi dị nro, yana oriri ya

usoro mmepụta ike dị oke ibu.Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ ahụ ga-edozi usoro nchaji dịka oriri mmanụ ọkụ kpọmkwem.Ebe ahụ

ọtụtụ ụdị mmanụ ụgbọala dị, na ngwakọta ojiji nke otutu mmanụ ụgbọala ga-eduga na mmanụ na-enweghị isi na ọbụna ngọngọ na nri usoro, na mmanụ ụgbọala.

Ọnọdụ ọrụ n'ime igwe ọkụ ọkụ na-enwekarị mgbanwe n'ike.Anyị nwere ike na-eji uru nke fluidized bed combustion technology in

mgbanwe mmanụ ụgbọala, ma buru ụzọ zụlite ma melite usoro nyocha na inye nri dabere na mmiri ọkụ akwa akwa.

4, Aro na nnwere onwe ọhụrụ na mmepe nke biomass ike ọgbọ technology

N'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ ume ọhụrụ isi iyi, mmepe nke biomass ike ọgbọ technology ga-emetụta naanị aku na uba uru, ọ bụghị nke

ọha mmadụ.N'otu oge ahụ, ike biomass na-achọkwa ọgwụgwọ na-adịghị njọ na mbelata nke mkpofu ugbo na oke ohia na ezinụlọ.

ihe mkpofu.Uru ya na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọha mmadụ dị nnọọ ukwuu karịa uru ike ya.Ọ bụ ezie na uru wetara mmepe nke biomass

ike ọgbọ technology bara uru ikwu, ụfọdụ isi teknuzu nsogbu na biomass ike ọgbọ mmepụta omume enweghị ike ịbụ nke ọma

E lebara ya anya n'ihi ihe ndị dị ka usoro nha ezughị oke na ụkpụrụ nke nrụpụta biomass jikọtara ike, akụ na ụba steeti adịghị ike.

ego enyemaka, na enweghi mmepe nke teknụzụ ọhụrụ, nke bụ ihe kpatara igbochi mmepe nke mmepụta ike biomass.

teknụzụ, Ya mere, ekwesịrị iwere ihe ezi uche dị na ya iji kwalite ya.

(1) Ọ bụ ezie na iwebata nkà na ụzụ na mmepe onwe ya bụ ma isi ntụziaka maka mmepe nke ike biomass ụlọ

ụlọ ọrụ ọgbọ, anyị kwesịrị ịghọta n'ụzọ doro anya na ọ bụrụ na anyị chọrọ inwe ụzọ ikpeazụ, anyị ga-agbalịsi ike na-ewere ụzọ nke onwe mmepe,

ma na-emeziwanye teknụzụ ụlọ mgbe niile.N'oge a, ọ bụ tumadi ịzụlite na melite biomass ike ọgbọ teknụzụ, na

Enwere ike iji teknụzụ ụfọdụ nwere akụnụba ka mma n'ahịa;Na gradual mma na ntozu nke biomass dị ka isi ike na

teknụzụ na-emepụta ike biomass, biomass ga-enwe ọnọdụ iji mpi mmanụ ọkụ.

(2) Enwere ike ibelata ọnụ ahịa njikwa mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya site n'ibelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-emepụta ike mkpofu ugbo na-ere ọkụ na akụkụ.

ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik, ebe ọ na-ewusi njikwa nlekota oru ike nke biomass ike.N'ihe gbasara mmanụ ụgbọala

ịzụrụ, hụ na ọkọnọ nke akụrụngwa zuru oke na nke dị elu, ma tọọ ntọala maka ịrụ ọrụ siri ike na nke ọma nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ.

(3) Na-emeziwanye usoro iwu ụtụ isi maka nrụpụta ike biomass, melite arụmọrụ sistemụ site na ịdabere na njikọta ọnụ.

mgbanwe, na-akwado ma na-akwado owuwu nke county multi-source mkpofu dị ọcha kpo oku ngosi oru ngo, na-amachi uru

nke ọrụ biomass nke na-emepụta naanị ọkụ eletrik mana ọ bụghị okpomọkụ.

(4) BECCS (ike biomass jikọtara ya na carbon njide na teknụzụ nchekwa) atụpụtala ihe atụ nke jikọtara ojiji ike biomass.

na ijide na nchekwa carbon dioxide, nwere uru abụọ nke ikuku carbon na-adịghị mma yana ike na-anọpụ iche carbon.BECCS bụ ogologo oge

teknụzụ mbelata ikuku.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, China nwere obere nyocha na ngalaba a.Dị ka nnukwu obodo nke oriri akụrụngwa na ikuku carbon,

China kwesịrị ịgụnye BECCS na usoro atụmatụ iji mesoo mgbanwe ihu igwe na ịbawanye ikike ọrụ aka ya na mpaghara a.