Ahịrị ndị na-ebunye ike eletrik site na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na ebe a na-ebu ibu na njikọ njikọ n'etiti sistemu ọkụ na-abụkarị

akpọrọ ahịrị nnyefe.Teknụzụ mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ anyị na-ekwu maka taa abụghị ihe ọhụrụ, ma enwere ike iji ha tụnyere na

etinyere ma emechaa karịa ahịrị anyị.Ọtụtụ n'ime teknụzụ "ọhụrụ" ndị a tozuru oke ma tinyekwuo ya na grid ike anyị.Taa, ndị nkịtị

Achịkọta ụdị nnyefe nke teknụzụ anyị na-akpọ "ọhụrụ" dị ka ndị a:

Teknụzụ grid ike dị ukwuu

“Grid ike buru ibu” na-ezo aka na sistemu ike jikọtara ọnụ, sistemu ike njikọ ma ọ bụ sistemu ike ejikọtara ọnụ nke njikọta jikọtara ọnụ.

nke ọtụtụ grid ike mpaghara ma ọ bụ grid ike mpaghara.Sistemu ike ejikọtara ọnụ bụ njikọta ọnụ nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta

nke njikọ njikọ n'etiti mpaghara ike grids na mba ike grids;Usoro ike jikọtara ọnụ nwere njirimara nke nhazi

atụmatụ na izipu dị ka nkwekọrịta ma ọ bụ nkwekọrịta.Sistemu ike abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa ka ejikọrọ site na grid ike maka otu

arụ ọrụ, nke nwere ike ịmepụta usoro ike mpaghara.A na-ejikọta ọtụtụ usoro ike mpaghara site na grids ike iji mepụta ike nkwonkwo

usoro.Usoro ike jikọtara ọnụ bụ sistemu ike nwere atụmatụ ejikọtara ọnụ, ihe owuwu jikọtara ọnụ, izipu ọnụ na arụ ọrụ.

Nnukwu grid ike nwere njirimara bụ isi nke ultra-high voltaji na ultra-high voltaji nnyefe okporo, nnukwu nnukwu nnyefe ikike.

na nnyefe ogologo.The okporo mejupụtara elu-voltaji AC nnyefe netwọk, ultra-elu voltaji AC nnyefe netwọk na

ultra-high voltaji AC nnyefe netwọk, yana ultra-elu voltaji DC nnyefe netwọk na elu voltaji DC nnyefe netwọk,

na-eme usoro ike ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere usoro oyiri, zoned na nke doro anya.

Oke nke ike nnyefe buru ibu na nnyefe ogologo na-emetụta ike nnyefe eke na mgbochi ebili mmiri

nke akara na kwekọrọ voltaji larịị.Ọkwa voltaji ahịrị dị elu, ka ike okike ọ na-ebufe ka ukwuu, ka ebili mmiri na-adị ntakịrị

impedance, ka ogologo nnyefe na-adịwanye anya ma na-ebuwanye ibu mkpuchi.Ka njikọ dị n'etiti grid ọkụ na-esiwanye ike

ma ọ bụ mpaghara ike grids bụ.Nkwụsi ike nke grid ike niile mgbe njikọ njikọ jikọtara ya na ikike nke grid ike ọ bụla iji kwado nke ọ bụla

ndị ọzọ na ikpe nke ọdịda, Ya bụ, ukwuu mgbanwe ike nke tie ahịrị n'etiti ike grids ma ọ bụ mpaghara ike grids, na nso njikọ,

na ndị ọzọ kwụsie ike na okporo ọrụ.

Igwe ọkụ bụ netwọk mgbasa ozi nke mejupụtara ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, ọdụ nkesa, ahịrị ọkụ na akụrụngwa ọkụ ndị ọzọ.N'etiti ha,

ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ahịrị nnyefe nwere ọkwa voltaji kachasị elu na ọdụ ụgbọ ala kwekọrọ na ya mejupụtara grid nnyefe nke azụ.

netwọk.Grid ike mpaghara na-ezo aka na grid ike nke nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ nwere ikike nhazi ọkwa siri ike, dị ka mpaghara trans isii nke China.

grid ike mpaghara, ebe grid ike mpaghara ọ bụla nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na ike mmiri nke ụlọ ọrụ grid na-eziga ozugbo.

Kọmpat nnyefe teknụzụ

Ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke teknụzụ mgbasa ozi kọmpat bụ ịkwalite nhazi nhazi nke ahịrị nnyefe, belata anya n'etiti usoro,

mee ka oghere nke ndị na-eduzi nchịkọta (sub conductors) dịkwuo elu ma mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị na-eduzi ndị na-eduzi (sub conductors, Ọ bụ akụ na ụba).

teknụzụ mgbasa ozi nke nwere ike imeziwanye ike nnyefe eke, ma jikwaa nnyonye anya redio na mfu corona n'oge

ọkwa a na-anakwere, ka ibelata ọnụọgụ nke sekit nnyefe, kpakọba obosara nke ụzọ ahịrị, belata iji ala, wdg, ma melite

ikike nnyefe.

Njirimara bụ isi nke ahịrị mgbasa ozi kọmpat EHV AC ma e jiri ya tụnyere ahịrị mgbasa ozi bụ:

① Onye na-eduzi usoro na-anabata usoro nkewa nke ukwuu ma na-abawanye ohere onye nduzi;

② Belata ohere dị n'etiti usoro.Iji gbanarị sekit dị mkpirikpi n'etiti usoro nke ikuku na-efegharị eduzi na-akpata, a na-eji spacer eme ya

dozie ebe dị n'etiti usoro;

③ A ga-anakwere ogwe osisi na ụlọ elu na-enweghị etiti.

The 500kV Luobai I-circuit AC nnyefe akara nke nakweere kọmpat nnyefe teknụzụ bụ Luoping Baise ngalaba nke 500kV.

Tianguang IV sekit nnyefe na mgbanwe oru ngo.Ọ bụ oge mbụ na China iji teknụzụ a na mpaghara dị elu yana ogologo oge.

ahịrị anya.E tinyere ọrụ nnyefe na mgbanwe ọkụ na June 2005, ọ kwụsiri ike ugbu a.

Teknụzụ mgbasa ozi kọmpat nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ịkwalite ike nnyefe eke, kamakwa belata nnyefe ike

corridor site 27.4 mu kwa kilomita, nke nwere ike n'ụzọ dị irè ibelata ego nke igbukpọ osisi, na-eto eto n'ubi akwụ ụgwọ na nbibi ụlọ, na

uru akụ na ụba na nke ọha mmadụ dị ịrịba ama.

Ugbu a, China Southern Power Grid na-akwalite ngwa nke teknụzụ mgbasa ozi kọmpat na 500kV Guizhou Shibing na Guangdong

Xianlingshan, Yunnan 500kV Dehong na ọrụ nnyefe na mgbanwe ike ndị ọzọ.

HVDC nnyefe

HVDC nnyefe dị mfe ịghọta asynchronous ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet;Ọ dị ọnụ ala karịa nnyefe AC n'elu ebe nnyefe dị oke egwu;

Otu ụzọ ahịrị ahịrị nwere ike ibunye ike karịa AC, yabụ a na-eji ya na nnyefe ikike dị ogologo, ịkparịta ụka n'usoro ike,

eriri okpuru mmiri dị ogologo ma ọ bụ nnyefe eriri n'okpuru ala na nnukwu obodo, nnyefe ọkụ DC na netwọk nkesa, wdg.

Usoro nnyefe ike nke oge a na-ejikarị ultra-high voltaji, ultra-high voltaji DC nnyefe na AC nnyefe.UHV na UHV

Teknụzụ mgbasa ozi DC nwere njirimara nke ogologo nnyefe ogologo, ikike nnyefe buru ibu, njikwa mgbanwe na izipu dị mma.

Maka ọrụ nnyefe DC nwere ikike nnyefe ike nke ihe dịka 1000km na ikike nnyefe ike nke na-erughị 3 nde kW,

± 500kV voltaji larịị na-nakweere n'ozuzu;Mgbe ike nnyefe ike karịrị 3 nde kW na ike nnyefe anya gafere

1500km, na voltaji larịị nke ± 600kV ma ọ bụ n'elu na-nakweere n'ozuzu;Mgbe ebe nnyefe ruru ihe dị ka 2000km, ọ dị mkpa ịtụle

ọkwa voltaji dị elu iji mee ihe n'ụzọ zuru ezu nke akụrụngwa corridor line, belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke sekit nnyefe ma belata mfu nnyefe.

Teknụzụ nnyefe HVDC bụ iji ngwa eletrọnịkị ike dị elu, dị ka thyristor dị elu voltaji, gbanyụọ silicon na-achịkwa.

GTO, mkpuchi mkpuchi gate bipolar transistor IGBT na ihe ndị ọzọ iji mepụta ndozi na akụrụngwa ntụgharị iji nweta voltaji dị elu, ogologo ogologo.

nnyefe ike.Teknụzụ ndị dị mkpa gụnyere teknụzụ elektrọnik ike, teknụzụ microelectronics, teknụzụ njikwa kọmputa, ọhụrụ

ihe mkpuchi ihe, eriri anya, superconductivity, simulation na ike usoro ọrụ, njikwa na atụmatụ.

Sistemụ nnyefe HVDC bụ usoro dị mgbagwoju anya nke mejupụtara otu valvụ, onye ntụgharị, nzacha DC, reactor smoothing, nnyefe DC.

ahịrị, ike nzacha n'akụkụ AC na DC akụkụ, reactive ike akwụ ụgwọ ngwaọrụ, DC switchgear, nchekwa na njikwa ngwaọrụ, inyeaka akụrụngwa na

Akụkụ ndị ọzọ (sistemụ).Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri abụọ na ahịrị nnyefe DC, nke ejikọrọ na sistemụ AC na nsọtụ abụọ ahụ.

Teknụzụ bụ isi nke nnyefe DC na-elekwasị anya na akụrụngwa ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri.Ebe ntụgharị na-achọpụta ngbanwe ọnụ nke DC na

AC.Ebe ntụgharị ahụ gụnyere ọdụ nrụzi na ọdụ inverter.Ọdụdọ rectifier na-atụgharị ike AC nkeji atọ ka ọ bụrụ ike DC, yana nke

Ebe inverter na-atụgharị ike DC site na ahịrị DC ka ọ bụrụ ike AC.valvụ onye ntụgharị bụ akụrụngwa bụ isi iji ghọta mgbanwe n'etiti DC na AC

n'ọdụ ihe ntụgharị.N'ịrụ ọrụ, onye ntụgharị ahụ ga-emepụta harmonics dị elu n'akụkụ AC na akụkụ DC, na-eme ka nnyonye anya kwekọrọ,

njikwa akụrụngwa na-agbanwe agbanwe, ikpo ọkụ nke ndị na-emepụta ọkụ na capacitors, yana nnyonye anya na usoro nkwukọrịta.Ya mere, nkwụsị

ọ dị mkpa ka e mee ihe.A na-edobe nzacha n'ọdụ ihe ntụgharị nke sistemụ mgbasa ozi DC ka ọ banye n'usoro nkwekọ dị elu.Na mgbakwunye na itinye uche

harmonics, nzacha dị n'akụkụ AC na-enyekwa ụfọdụ ike mmeghachi omume dị mkpa, nzacha akụkụ DC na-eji reactor smoothing na-amachi harmonic.

Ebe ntụgharị

nnyefe UHV

UHV ike nnyefe nwere àgwà nke nnukwu ike nnyefe ike, ogologo nnyefe ike, obosara mkpuchi, azọpụta akara

corridors, obere mfu nnyefe, na imezu oke nhazi njikarịcha akụrụngwa.Ọ nwere ike ịmepụta grid azụ nke ike UHV

grid dị ka nkesa ike si dị, nhazi ibu, ikike nnyefe, mgbanwe ọkụ na mkpa ndị ọzọ.

UHV AC na UHV DC nnyefe nwere uru nke ha.N'ozuzu, UHV AC nnyefe adabara grid ewu elu voltaji

larịị na cross region tie ahịrị iji melite nkwụsi ike nke usoro;The UHV DC nnyefe kwesịrị ekwesị maka nnukwu ike ogologo-anya

nnyefe nke nnukwu ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na nnukwu ọdụ ọkụ na-agba ọkụ iji kwalite akụ na ụba nke nrụnye eriri nnyefe.

UHV AC nnyefe eriri bụ nke edo edo ogologo ahịrị, nke e ji na-eguzogide, inductance, capacitance na omume.

A na-ekesa n'akụkụ ahịrị ahụ na-aga n'ihu na nke ọma na eriri nnyefe dum.Mgbe a na-ekwurịta nsogbu, àgwà eletrik nke

A na-akọwakarị ahịrị ahụ site na nguzogide r1, inductance L1, capacitance C1 na conductance g1 kwa otu ogologo.The njirimara impedance

A na-ejikarị ọnụọgụ mgbasa nke ahịrị nnyefe ogologo edo edo iji tụọ ịdị njikere ịrụ ọrụ nke ahịrị nnyefe EHV.

Sistemụ nnyefe AC na-agbanwe agbanwe

Sistemụ nnyefe AC na-agbanwe agbanwe (FACTS) bụ sistemụ nnyefe AC nke na-eji teknụzụ eletrọnịkị ike ọgbara ọhụrụ, teknụzụ microelectronics,

teknụzụ nkwukọrịta na teknụzụ njikwa ọgbara ọhụrụ iji gbanwee ngwa ngwa na njikwa ike na paramita nke sistemu ike,

mụbaa njikwa usoro ma melite ikike nnyefe.Teknụzụ FACTS bụ teknụzụ nnyefe AC ọhụrụ, nke a makwaara dị ka mgbanwe

(ma ọ bụ mgbanwe) teknụzụ njikwa nnyefe.Ngwa nke teknụzụ FACTS nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ijikwa ike na-erugharị n'ọtụtụ buru ibu wee nweta

nkesa ike dị mma, ma na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke usoro ike ahụ dịkwuo mma, si otú a na-eme ka ikike nnyefe nke eriri nnyefe dịkwuo mma.

A na-etinye teknụzụ FACTS na usoro nkesa iji melite ogo ike.A na-akpọ ya usoro nnyefe AC na-agbanwe agbanwe DFACTS nke

usoro nkesa ma ọ bụ teknụzụ ike ndị ahịa CPT.N'akwụkwọ ụfọdụ, a na-akpọ ya nkà na ụzụ ike dị mma ma ọ bụ ike ahaziri ahazi

teknụzụ.